13. 
13.1  
13.1.1  
13.1.2 
13.1.3  
13.1.4   
13.1.5   
13.1.6   
13.1.7  
13.1.8  
13.1.9   
13.1.10   
13.1.11  
13.1.12  
13.1.13 
13.1.14   
13.2   
13.2.1   
13.3    
13.4 
13.4.1  
13.4.2  
13.4.3  
13.4.4  
13.4.5  
13.4.6  
13.4.7 / 
13.5 
13.5.1  
13.6  
13.7    
13.7.1   
13.8   
13.9   
13.10 
13.10.1  
13.11   
13.12     
13.12.1       
13.12.2         
13.13   



13. 

    ""         .  ""    :

1. " " (          ).
2.    (  ).
3. "  " (    ).
4.  (   ).
5.  (   )
6.   (    )
7. "   " (             ɡ       ).
8.    (    ).
9. "  " (       ).
10.  (   " " "  ɡ " "  "   ").
11.    (         ).
12.    (    ).

   :
1)  "-1"  "-4"   .
2)  ""   "".     "u ( 1-3-6)"      .
3)  ""          .

             .



13.1  


                    .             .     ""       "-h ( 1-2-5)".  ""                    .

      "c ( 1-4)          "".
     " "       "F3-c ( -1-4)".
                    .  "-g ( -1-2-4-5)"           .
      " -c ( 1-4)".                     .              .                    .         .

13.1.1  


   " "       "  "  ""  "".        " ("-4-5)"  "- ("-1-2")".         "-1"  "-4".               .   " "     "-m ( 1-3-4)"  "F2"   ""  " ".     "g ( 1-2-4-5)"       " ".        0  .    " "       "-g ( 1-2-4-5)".            .             ""                "".           ""  "" "-z ( 1-3-5-6)"  "-e ( 1-5)".       .       :

:  3-4-6
:  3-6
 :  3-4
 :  1-6
:  1-4-6
:  -4-5
 : -q ( 1-2-3-4-5)
 :  4-6
  :  1-2-3-5-6
  :  2-3-4-5-6
  (): -p ( 1-2-3-4)
: -e ( 1-5)
        ɡ     ( 3-6)    .     2  : (-2).

                 (%)   .                .    90 + 20%  90 + 18.   18         18   20%     108. 



13.1.2 


                      .
         " -3-4" .       "1  -3-4 2".              .      "1 ɡ 1  -3-4- 2"
         "2  -3-4 3  1-6 3  -3-4 8".    .    6/24  .
         ɡ ӡ          .       " "   "-3-4",  "-1"  "-4"    .       "   "  "   ".         "     ".     "     ".          "     ".          "-3-4"    .



13.1.3  

    " "       .  " "      : " " "   " " "  " ".        "-4"  "-1"      ""    .       "-m ( 1-3-4)"    ""  " ".     "v ( 1-2-3-6)"    .


13.1.3.1  

   " "         "" "" " "  ""  "".         ("-4-5")  - ("-1-2").    " "   "r ( 1-2-3-5)"   " ".         " -r ( 1-2-3-5)"   .
     ""  " :  "         "-1"  "-4".           ""   .       "".    ""    "".   "-i ( 2-4)"    .
     " "        "".        ""   "".    " :  = " .  ""    .                 ""  "".           ""   .



13.1.3.2    

              " ".       "-m ( 1-3-4)    "F2".   "-1"  "-4"    " "  "".          "   "  "".     "-d ( 1-4-5)"     .



13.1.3.3  

   " "            ǡ  ""  "".          " ("-4-5")  "- ("-1-2").   " "    " "   "s ( 2-3-5)".    " -s ( 2-3-5)"          .
           "a=2+sin(30)"    ""       .       " "      ѡ       ""     ""   "".      : " " " "  "  ()"      "   "          "  xx  ɿ ".      ""  "".        ""  "".  ""   ""  "".


13.1.3.4  

                       ǡ        "".        " (-4-5)"  "- (-1-2)".        " -t ( 2-3-4-5)"    ɡ    "t ( 2-3-4-5)"   " ".        .        "-4"  "-1".           "" .       " ".                   " ".             " (-4-5)"    "".     ڡ        .        "-4"  "-1".         ɡ     ""          "-i ( 2-4)". ( "  "      .      ).               .      "-z ( 1-3-5-6)"   ""   "".             "- (-1-2)"        "-e ( 1-5)"    .               " (-4-5)  .



13.1.4   

      "  "    ""  "  "   "s ( 2-3-4)"  .      "-m ( 1-3-4)".     "  "   "-s ( 2-3-4)"   .  "  "   " " "  "  "  ".     ""           "-1"  "-4"      ""  ""         (-4-5")           .                 .



13.1.5   

          ""  "  "     "i ( -2-4)"  .      "-m ( 1-3-4).       "  "   " i ( -2-4)".  "  "   " " "  "  "   ".     ""         "-1"  "-4"      ""  ""    " ("-4-5")             .                 .



13.1.6   

     "  "    ""  "  "      "t ( 2-3-4-5)"  .       "-m ( 1-3-4)".    "   "       "-t ( 2-3-4-5)".  "  "   " " "  "  "  ".     ""         "-1"  "-4"      ""  ""        "-4-5"             .                 .

13.1.7  

     " "   : " "  ""  "".        " ("-4-5")"  "- ("-1-2")".     " "  " "       "-1"  "-4".

      " "   ""  " "      "l ( 1-2-3)"  .       "-m ( 1-3-4)".       " "   "-l ( 1-2-3)".

     " "     ""        "-1"  "-4"      ""  ""        " ("-4-5")"           .    " "   "n ( 1-3-4-5)"  .   " "   "c ( 1-4)".



13.1.8  


    " "    ɡ ɡ ɡ                    .
   " "  " -m"  "F2"  ɡ    " "  " -4"   "".    " "        " - U( -1-3-6)".
   " "   :     " "     " "     " "   " "  ""  ""    "".         " (F3  -4-5)"  " - (-F3  -1-2)".   " -1"  " -4"        .
   : ɡ ɡ ɡ    .    ӡ      " "  " "       .    : ѡ ѡ ѡ  ѡ ԡ  ϡ .    :  ȡ  ȡ  ȡ   .    :     ʡ   .    :   ( )  ѡ ѡ  ȡ  ȡ  ȡ  ȡ  ȡ  ( )      ( ).     :  ɡ ʡ  .
           .       ""     .          " ".    ӡ      ""   "".          ""   "".    ""        "". 



13.1.9   

                          .       6               .           ˡ                      . 

            " g ( -1-2-4-5)".

            :
:  3-4-6
:  3-6
 :  4-6  3-4
 :  4   1-6
:  1-4-6
:  4-5
  :  3-4-5
  :  1-2-4-5-6
 :  4-6
  :  1-2-3-5-6
  :  2-3-4-5-6
  ():  4-6  1-2-3-4
:  e ( 1-5)
  / :  1-4-5-6
  / :  3-4-5-6
:  3-4
    :  4-5-6   1-4-5-6
  :  4-5-6   3-4-5-6
:  4-6  1-3

  :     2  8  :

"   ( 3-4-5)""2 ( 2-3)" "  ( 4   1-6)" "8 ( -2-3-6)" "   ( 1-2-4-5-6)".




13.1.10   

     "  "                   .     ""  "  "    "c ( 1-4)"  .      "-m ( 1-3-4)"    .        " c ( 1-4)"      .           .

       "  "  " "       .



13.1.11  


     ̡            .    " "      .

     ɡ    " "  " r ( -1-2-3-5)".       "F2"  ɡ    " "   "".

     " "          .




13.1.12  


   " "        : " "  ""  "".         " ("-4-5")"  "- ("-1-2")". " "   " "  ""       "-1"  "-4".

      " "     "  ()"    .    ""     ()      .   "" "     ""       "o ( 1-3-5)"  .       "-m ( 1-3-4)".       " "   "-o ( 1-3-5)".
     " "     ""          "-1"  "-4"      ""  ""      ʡ    " ("-4-5")"    .

                  .  " g ( 1-2-4-5)"        .




13.1.13 

         ɡ         ""  "  "      "z"  .       "-m ( 1-3-4)"          "-z ( 1-3-5-6)".



13.1.14   

                        .
 :

1.   
   " 3-4-6".
:     10  20     10+20      30.

2.   
   " 3-6".
:    10  20     5    : 10+20-5     25.

3.  
   " 1-6".
:   10   20    : 10*20      200.

4.  
   " 1-4".
:  20  10  : 20/10       2.

5.   
   " 1-4-6".

   20  10     : 20+10%    22.      2   10   20.

 20  10    : 20-10%    18.
     2   10   20.

 20   10  : 20/10%    200.

 20   10  : 10*10%    2.    10   0.1. 20*0.1 = 2.

6.  
   " "   "4-5".
:  2  10 : 2^10.   1024.

7.     
       ""  " 1-2-3-4-5".
:     16 :   ( 1-2-3-4-5 16)    .
  4.

8.  
    ""  " 1-5".
:    2 :    1-5   2    ")"     ""    (2)  7.3890561.

1.  

 :

      ""  " 2-3-4"   "s".        (.

       ""  ( 2-3-4"   "a".   a (.

       ""  " 2-3-4"   "h".     h(.
        30     :    2-3-4-   "s" 30   ")".     0.5.


  :

      ""  " 1-3"    "c".    (.

        ""  " 1-3"   "h".     (.
:     30 ɡ :    1-3 c 30   ")".   "".    0.8660254.

  :

   ""  " 2-3-4-5"   "t".    (.
    ""  " 2-3-4-5"   "a".     (.
    ""  " 2-3-4-5"   "h"     (.
:    30    :    2-3-4-5 T 30   ).   0.57735027.

 :


 
   ""  " 1-2-3"   "n".   (.
     100 :    1-2-3 N 100   ).   2.

 
   ""  " 1-2-3"   "e"    (.
     100 :    1-2-3 E 100   ).   4.60517019.



13.2   


             .         .

     ɡ  :

 " -5-6"         .   
    .

          "".   "  "  "-4"   ""    "h ( 1-2-5)".

           ɡ  "".    .
      ɡ  " e ( 1-5)"  " z ( 1-3-5-6)".

   : 



13.2.1   


       :

" "  "  ".

 :
       .   :
1.   "  ".
2.         .
3.  " ( -4-5)".
4.      " ".
5.         .
    0.     0  120.

  :
    .   :
1.   "  ".
2.          .
3.  " ( -4-5)"   "  ".
4.    "  " " "  " ".   ""    .     "  ".



13.3    


       .    " "-4"  "-1"   ""    ""  "  ".        "d"  .         "-t ( 2-3-4-5)"  .     "-t ( 2-3-4-5)"          .        ("-4-5")        .



13.4 


       ""            .    ""    ""   ""     "".   "-1"  "-4"   ""    ""  "".         ""               " :"           "".       " :"   ""    : " " "" " " " " " " " "  ""  "".      " ("-4-5")"  "- ("-1-2")".
             .     .               ".    -   ".        " -".



13.4.1  

        ""       " ".                 .          .        " ("-4-5")"    .



13.4.2  

       .     " ("-4-5")"  " "       .  "-1"  "-4"       .      .    ڡ " "                    .
         " (-4-5)"    .


13.4.3  

                .   : "" " " " "  " ".       "-1"  "-4".     " "   ""         .     " "   " "      .     " "          ڡ    .     " "           ɡ   .       " ("-4-5")   .


13.4.4  

             .   1  2   3 .      "-1"  "-4".     "1 "          .    " -".

13.4.5  


                . :          3 ޡ        3 .    1 3 5 10 15  20 .        "-1"  "-4".



13.4.6  


            .     1  10 . :        " -"         .       "-1"  "-4".


13.4.7 / 

       ""   ""           .            ""   "".       ""   .


13.5 

        ""  ""   ""    "l ( 1-2-3)".   ""       "F3 -L".
       . " " " "  "  ".             1841  2043.            ""   "  "     .




13.5.1  


    ""  " " " "  "  ".  " "        "l ( 1-2-3)".       .             .     .
         .

1.   
       " " " "  "  "   " ("-4-5")"  "- ("-1-2")".
2.  
       ѡ    .               .            1     .   ""  "/ ( )"      .     ""            . :      " "   " ".

3.    
      " " " "  "  "   " (-4-5)"  "- (-1-2)".
  : -6
  : -3
  : -5
  : -2
  : -4
  : -1
  : -5-6
  : -2-3



13.6  

     " "       "F3 W ( -2-4-5-6)".
         ""   "".

      ""  " "   "00:00:00".     ""    .     ""                .   ""          .

       " "  ""  " "        "00:00:00".   ""             .         .

     "-F2"             .     "-F2"    .

       " ("-4-5")"  "- ("-1-2")"            "  ".    "  "     ʡ  .     ʡ ޡ       ɡ  ɡ          1     .     ""      "  "          .   "  "   "  xx "  .     ""  "  "          .     ""     .   " "   "  ".        10    .     " -"               .
       " (-4-5)"  "- (-1-2)"             .     " "  "  "  "-z ( 1-3-5-6)"    " "  "  "      " "   "".


13.7    

    "   "                       -  .                  ɡ     .       ""  ""    "-4"   "   "    "".
    "   "     ҡ  "F3 s ( -2-3-4)".
    "   "    .     " " "  "  "   ".  "-1"  "-4"      .        ""  "  ".                   .         .

     "   "  "   z ( -1-3-5-6)".
                 13.2.5      .                 " "   www.hims-inc.com.




13.7.1   

                          .                           .   ɡ     ɡ      .   :    "t e l l"   ɡ      "thateverylikelike"      ɡ             .  ɡ      ˡ              . ߡ      "talk"     "tall"     "l"    "k"    "knowledge". ǡ      "talknowledge".  ɡ          .

   ǡ   /             .                ɡ                .

     "  "  "--I ( -2-4)".   ӡ "  ".          .   "  "           /   /           /    .        ա    5       .             PDA  ""            ɡ      /   /   .

     "  "           ɡ               .   "  "      ɡ       . (                 ϡ    ȡ .)

                ɡ  :

1)      ɡ  "-- I( -2-4)"   "  ".
2)  " v ( -1-2-3-6)"       .
3)  ""              .



13.8   

                .             ɡ  ɡ ѡ    (MAC).       ""  " "   "n ( 1-3-4-5)"   "".             .     " (-4-5)"       "".     " (-4-5)"    "".     "- (-1-2)"          .      ()          (/ )    ( // ).    "   "   " "   ""  "   (MAC)".         "-4"  "-1".                 ɡ    0    IP   ɡ  .
     ""   ""          " "     / .     "-z ( 1-3-5-6)"      .    ""   ""    .     "-n ( 1-3-4-5)"     ""   .


13.9   

      "  "   "b"    ""  "  "   "".      "-4"  "-1"   "".              "-1-6".  "  "          ӡ            .       "  xx%     ".         "-z (1-3-5-6)"     .


13.10 

            .         "".       "f"   .              "F3 f ( -1-2-4)".
          ʡ               .


13.10.1  

             .
          .
1)   ""   .
2)   ""      ":  ".
3)  "".
4)  "   ߿ "   .
5)  "".
6)  "   . ѿ ".   .
7)  ""
8)  "     ".     .
9)          "".

         ""  ""  ""   4  6).

          ɡ           ɡ  ɡ  ɡ             ""     .           .         .

:       .

1)  "-1-2-3"   .
2)    "-1-2-3"      " " .
3)     "-1-2-3"    .
4)         " ".

13.11   

     " "   ӡ                 .

   ʡ
1)   "".
2)  "-1"  "-4"   " ".
3)  ""  " ".
4)   "-j ( 2-4-5)    .
5)     " : 0".
6)         .    0  180.
7)  "".

                 .       "5"     "-j ( 2-4-5)"   2     "3".         "3" .



13.12     

                         .             " ".            .       .            .

         .            ɡ     .        .    30    ӡ      .                   "".

             .          ԡ                .
       "  "   ""         "F3 -U ( -1-3-6)".


13.12.1       

        :

1)      ɡ  ""  "     "    ""   ": ".
2)     ""  ": ".                      .            .        .
3)     ""  ""    .  ""     ""  "".     ""  ""       ɡ  .        "   "      .      "-z (1-3-5-6)"             .        ɡ     .                             .
4)    ɡ         .              .          ""  " ".
5)             "-v ( 1-2-3-6)"     "".

13.12.2         

             :

1.       HIMS, Inc .                      .
2.    (   ɡ         )  .       .   ""  "       "   "".
3.   ": ".  "-4"   ":  ".   ""    .  "-4"         .   "".
4.       .     ""  ""    .  ""     ""  "".
5.     ""  ""     .            .
6.       .               .          ""  " ".
7.            "-v ( 1-2-3-6)"     "".




13.13   



 : c ( 1-4)
   :  -c ( 1-4)
    :  

 : -g ( 1-2-4-5)
:  3-4-6
:  3-6
:  3-4
:  1-6
:  1-4-6
:  -4-5
 : -q ( 1-2-3-4-5)
 :  4-6
  :  1-2-3-5-6
  :  2-3-4-5-6
  (): -p ( 1-2-3-4)
: -e ( 1-5)

 :
 :  -r ( 1-2-3-5)
   : -d ( 1-4-5)
 :  -s ( 2-3-4)

 : -s ( 2-3-4)
 : -s ( 2-3-4) s (2-3-4)
  : -s ( 2-3-4) a ( 1)
  : -s ( 2-3-4) h ( 1-2-5)
 : -c ( 1-4) c ( 1-4)
  : -c ( 1-4) a ( 1)
   : -c ( 1-4) h ( 1-2-5)
 : -t ( 2-3-4-5) t ( 2-3-4-5)
  : -t ( 2-3-4-5) a ( 1)
  : -t ( 2-3-4-5) h ( 1-2-5)

 : -l ( 1-2-3)
 : -l ( 1-2-3) e ( 1-5)
 : -l ( 1-2-3) n ( 1-3-4-5)

  : -c ( 1-4)

 : -o ( 1-3-5)

  : -t ( 2-3-4-5)

: l ( 1-2-3)
  
  :  (-4-5)
  : - (-1-2)

     
  : -6
  : -3
  : -5
  : -2
  : -4
  : -1
  : -5-6
  : -2-3

 : w ( 2-4-5-6)
   ʡ  ʡ  : 
  :  
  : -F2
   : -F2
       " " ("-4-5")"  "- ("-1-2")"
       : 
   :  
      : -z ( 1-3-5-6)

  : -1-6

  : -n ( 1-3-4-5)

: -1-2-3

  : -j ( 2-4-5)

      : u ( 1-3-6)
  : -i ( 2-4)
  : -z ( 1-3-5-6)

